1.3.5. Reference manual content

This reference manual has the purpose of helping the users to use and understand all the capabilities of RamSeries. Therefore, this document contains the description of all these tools. Note that it is not a tutorial, nor a theory manual. For this reason, the user can review the RamSeries tutorial, or RamSeries theory manual.

The manual is divided in the following sections:

  • Simulation data: This tab is used for defining the analysis type, defining the gravity value and direction, and units.

  • General data window: This tab is used for setting the analysis and results data. The type of structural analysis is defined here.

  • Constraints: This tab allows the definition of boundary conditions as constraints.

  • Contacts: This option is used to define the master and slave surfaces, used for impact analysis.

  • Dynamic conditions: Defines the masses and initial conditions of the dynamic analysis.

  • Local axes: This tab is used for defining local axes on the geometry. Local axes are used for defining a specific direction on the mesh, what it is required for some features, such as composite materials.

  • Materials and properties: This tab is used to assign the type of material to the geometry. In addition, an extensive materials library is available for the user.

  • Loadcases: In this tab is defined the loading conditions to be applied, as well as loads can be assigned to the different elements of the geometry.

All these sections are available for structural analysis, although some of them can be hidden, depending on the type of structural analysis to be carried out, i.e: Dynamic conditions tab is only available for dynamic analysis case.

1.3.6. Simulation data

Simulation data > Simulation type

In this tab, the simulation type can be chosen, such as structural simulation (RamSeries), seakeeping simulation (SeaFEM), CFD simulation (Tdyn). If a different simulation type is selected than structural analysis, then the user must be addressed to the corresponding reference manual.

After selecting the type of simulation, the units and gravity can be defined.

In the case that coupled analysis can be performed, Coupling data is available.

1.3.6.1. Units

Simulation data > Units

Units tab is used for defining the units of the geometry and mesh (Simulation data > Units > Geometry units), the type of units to use (Simulation data > Units > Units system) and the units used to represent the results and initial conditions of the analysis (Simulation data > Units > General units).

Units system is used to choose between International Units System, or Imperial Units System.

General units is used for defining the units of the measures: length, rotation, mass, force, pressure and temperature.

1.3.6.2. Gravity

The three components of the gravity define a vector, which will be normalized inside the program, and represents the direction of the gravity if the self-weight is considered.

The gravity vector is defined by its value Gravity > M, and the direction of its unitary vector (X, Y, Z axes).

1.3.6.3. Coupling data

These options are available when Multiphysics Analysis, Thermomechanical Analysis, Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis or Coupled Seakeeping-Structural Analysis are selected:

Please refer to Coupling data for further information on coupled analyses.

1.3.7. General data window

When starting up the Tdyn environment for first time, the start data window will pop up. This window is meant to define the interface so that only those features that are necessary for the case study will be available. This way, the interface will show only those parameters and boundary conditions required, hiding those unnecessary, and therefore making it easier to use and navigate through. Once this window is closed, it can be reopened following Menu -> Data > Start Data.

Figure XXX FIGURE REQUIRED shows the Tdyn environment and the start data window. In order to use RamSeries, make sure that Structural analysis option is selected from the Simulation type box.

Within the Analysis domain section of the problem selection data tree you can select either frequency or time domain analysis. When selecting the frequency domain option, the remaining options are automatically set up. On the contrary, if the time domain option is selected, then first or second order diffraction radiation options can be chosen depending on the wave order you want to be used for the analysis. Furthermore, under the environment section of the data tree, you can select whether waves and/or currents are to be used. Finally, under the Type of analysis folder, the following three options are available:

Seakeeping:this option will allow the user to activate body movements on those unrestrained degrees of freedoms. Turning circle: this option is meant to simulate a body following a circular trajectory. Therefore, surge, sway and yaw will be restrained. Towing: this option is meant to simulate a ship following linear trajectory with a certain direction and speed. Therefore, surge, sway and yaw will be restrained.

It is obvious that Turning circle and Towing are not compatible options. On the other hand, any other combination of options are compatible simultaneously.

The Start data window can be accessed and modified at any time through the Data menu:

or through the Data tree.

1.3.7.1. Analysis

This section is dedicated to the inputs required for the analysis of structural problems, not related with the geometry.

1.3.7.1.1. Simulation dimension

The options are 3D, 2D Plain Stress, or 2D Plane Strain. If the problem to analyze has only elements in one plane (2D) and it can be considered as a plane strain or plane stress problem, select one of these options. In these cases, the input of the data is the same than for the general analysis but the problem to solve is much faster. Therefore, it saves a lot of computing time.

In case of selecting 2D problem, only shells elements are available in element type (General data > Analysis > Element types > Shells).

1.3.7.1.2. Element types

Setting by General data > Analysis > Element types. Sets the type of elements to be used in the analysis: beams, shells, solids, cables and membranes. RamSeries allows to set up problems using all of the elements, or problems combining them.

For a deeper understanding of the element types, the user is referred to the RamSeries theory manual, section Structural analysis.

1.3.7.1.3. Analysis type

Three types of analysis can be performed:

  • Static analysis: This is selected if linear behaviour of the structure is expected. Hence, non-linear parameters are disable. Only linear materials and linear geometry models can be used.

  • Incremental analysis: This option is used if static non-linear performance of the problem is expected. If any static nonlinearity is chosen, either materials, geometry or boundary conditions, the problem should be ran with this option.

  • Dynamic analysis: This analysis allows to define dynamic effects, such as time-dependent loads, and inertia forces of the structure. RamSeries can perform linear and non-linear dynamic simulations.

Depending on which is used, a tab is activated, such as incremental data for incremental analysis, and dynamic data for dynamic analysis. Therefore, some of the options and data trees next described would be not available, if the correct problem type is not selected.

1.3.7.1.4. Material constitutive models

General data > Analysis > Material constitutive model.

Allows to set the behaviour of the materials, as linear or non-linear, depending on the constitutive equation expected of them. If linear materials is chosen, linear elasticity is considered as the constitutive law for materials. On the contrary, if nonlinear materials option is used, the user can define one of the non-linear constitutive equations available in RamSeries. The parameters for defining the non-linear material models are described in Materials and properties section of this manual. For further information regarding the theory of non-linear constitutive models implemented in RamSeries, the user should consult the RamSeries theory manual, section Material’s constitutive models.

Non-linear materials models only can be used if General data > Analysis > Analysis type > Incremental load analysis is selected.

1.3.7.1.5. Geometric constitutive models

General data > Analysis > Geometric constitutive model.

If this flag is activated, the problem considers geometrical non-linearities (i.e: large deformations). Non-linear geometry can not be used if General data > Analysis > Analysis type > Static analysis is selected.

This option can not be used by selecting General data > Analysis > Analysis type > Static analysis.

1.3.7.1.6. Boundary conditions

General data > Analysis > Boundary conditions.

Allows to choose between linear and non-linear elastic constraints. Non-linear boundary constraints allows to define discontinuous boundary conditions, such as the contact between two bodies. For further information, the user is referred to Constraints section of this manual.

This option can not be used by selecting General data > Analysis > Analysis type > Static analysis.

1.3.7.1.7. Use Laminate/Composite materials

General data > Analysis > Use Laminate/Composite materials.

Activates Composite module capabilities and tools, to allow defining composite materials, create laminates and analyse the results layer by layer with advanced and specific failure criteria. This flag is necessary for using Serial/Parallel mixing theory, to simulate the non-linear performance of composite laminates.

More details of these capabilities are described in the Materials and properties section of this manual.

1.3.7.1.8. Internal triangular element

General data > Analysis > Internal triangular element.

This option controls the type of element formulation to be used when working with triangular meshes. RamSeries provides three different formulations for triangular elements whose characteristics can be summarized as follows:

  • DKT: This is a 3-noded triangular element that mixes the classic plane stress theory together with the Discrete Kirchoff Triangular elements (DKT) theory for plates.

  • 6-noded element: this is a 6-noded element generated internally in RamSeries from 3-noded triangular meshes. It gives more precise results at the expense of more computational time. This element is based on the classical plane stress theory combined with the Reisner-Mindlin plate’s theory. This element is actually equivalent to the quadratic triangular element directly generated over the mesh. Nevertheless, it has the advantage that it can be directly combined with linear 2-noded beam elements, which is not allowed by the quadratic triangular element.

  • Drill-Rot: If this option is chosen, the Drilling-Rotation triangular element will be used. This is a 3-noded triangular element based on the DKT formulation that adds in-plane rotation degrees of freedom. It largely improves the solution so that its use is recommended in most cases.

Note that RamSeries also provides a 4-noded quadrilateral element which implements the classical plane stress theory together with the Reisner-Mindlin plate’s theory. In the case the mesh is generated using quadrilateral elements, this element type is automatically used irrespectively of the ‘internal triangular element’ option.

1.3.7.1.9. Marine tools

General data > Analysis > Marine tools.

Activates some specific Naval Architecture tools, as automatic ship equilibration, static wave loads, stiffened shells, buckling shell analysis, among others.

1.3.7.1.10. Fatigue damage assessment

General data > Analysis > Fatigue damage assessment.

Activates fatigue damage assessment tools for lines (welded joints) and shells. How to assign zone to be addressed is described in Materials and properties section.

This flag requires to activate Analysis type > Dynamic analysis.

1.3.7.1.11. SN curves file

This tab allows to choose a file containing SN experimental curves from a directory. It requires to activate General data > Analysis > Fatigue damage assessment.

1.3.7.1.12. BeamP-Delta

If this option is set, the beam P-delta method is applied in order to calculate second order effects for columns. Be careful because one of the effects in a bad designed structure is that it will not be possible to obtain a solution. The recommended way of working is to calculate first in first order, and after with second order. If the strengths increment more than a certain value (20%-30%), a redesign of the structure is advised.

1.3.7.1.13. Initial configuration

Activates options for setting-up an initial configuration analysis, which will be performed prior to dynamic analyses.

1.3.7.1.14. Linearized prebuckling analysis

This option is available for Static or Incremental Load Analysis. If it is activated, Buckling data will appear after Analysis and a buckling analysis will be done at the beginning of calculation, before static or incremental analysis. Buckling can be performed only for models with triangles.

1.3.7.1.15. Consider material damage

This flag activates damage constitutive model in the analysis, such as the case of non-linear composite materials (Serial/Parallel mixing theory, see Composites). It requires to activate General data > Analysis > Material constitutive model > Non-linear materials.

**REVIEW THE CASUISTICA**

1.3.7.2. Automatic balance

**TO CHECK IF IT WORKS AND HOW IT WORKS**

  • Ship balance: Flag for taking into account automatic balance of the ship.

  • Perturbation: This is a line.

  • Num. iterations:

  • Equil. tolerance:

It requires to activate General data > Analysis > Marine tools.

1.3.7.3. Non-linear analysis data

General data > Non-linear analysis data.

Non-Linear analysis data is only available if at least one non-linear feature (i.e. material, geometric or boundary conditions non-linearity) is previously activated. Non-linear features that actually activate non-linear analysis data are those listed here:

  • General data > Analysis > Material constitutive model > Plasticity on materials.

  • General data > Analysis > Geometric constitutive model > Non-linear geometry.

  • General data > Analysis > Boundary conditions > Non-linear boundary conditions.

This option is not available if Analysis type > Static analysis is selected.

1.3.7.3.1. General

General data > Non-linear analysis data > General.

  • Solver control: indicates the type of load control required for the analysis. RamSeries can perform a Load Control, Displacement Control and Arc-Length control.

  • Conv. tolerance: represents the convergence value for the Non-Linear analysis

  • Iteration type: indicates when the structural stiffness matrix is recalculated. RamSeries can perform a recalculation in each iteration of each load step (Full_Newton-Raphson) or a recalculation in the first iteration of each load step (Modified_Newton-Raphson).

  • Max iterations: Indicates the maximum number of iteration allowed in each load step

1.3.7.3.2. Advanced

General data > Non-linear analysis data > Advanced.

This option is only available by selecting Analysis type > Incremental loads analysis.

  • Line search: If the Line-Search option is chosen, the following data must be indicated:

    • Line-search: flag for using Line-Search.

    • Loops: define the maxim number of Line-Search loops.

    • Tolerance: define tolerance ratio desired.

    • Min: define the maximal step-length of Line-Search.

    • Max: define the minimal step-length of Line-Search.

    • Max. amplitude: define the maximal amplitude of any step.

  • Automatic increment:

    • Automatic increment: flag for using automatic increment.

    • Num. iterations: Indicates the number of iteration desired in each load step.

    • \(\Delta P\) max: indicates the maximal load increment allowed.

    • \(\Delta P\) min: indicates the minimal load increment allowed.

  • Auto ARC switch:

    • Auto arc switch: flag for using auto arc switch.

    • \(C_{stiff}\): indicates the desired current stiffness parameter for switching.

  • Use stabilization:

    In certain analyses, singular and very bad conditioned (high condition number, see [1]) stiffness matrices may appear. This usually happens, for example, when dealing with cables, membranes or very thin shells elements. In general, if the analyses are solved dynamically, there should be no problem achieving convergence, for the damping would compensate the singularity of the stiffness matrix (\(M·Δx^{''} + C·Δx^{'} + K·Δx = F_{ext}\)). Nevertheless, for static non-linear (incremental) analyses, convergence problems may arise when the mentioned type of elements are involved, due to the lack of damping (\(K·Δx = F_{ext}\)). Therefore, a method is implemented in RamSeries so that convergence can be achieved. This is done via adding an stabilization or “artificial damping”:

    (1.4)\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} (^{*}SFM)·Δx^{'} + K·Δx = ^{*}SFM·Δx/Δt + K·Δx = \\ = (^{*}SFM/Δt + K)·Δx = F_{ext} \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

    The artificial damping is given by a diagonal matrix which can be called Stability Factor Matrix (SFM), defined as:

    (1.5)\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} SFM_{ij} = ^{*}SFM_{ij}/Δt = SF \quad (if i=j) \\ SFM_{ij} = 0.0 \quad (if i\neq 0) \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

    SF is called the Stabilization Factor.

    After finishing the Num. increments which the user has inserted, RamSeries can perform extra increments in order to stabilize the analysis and achieve the desired convergence. These extra increments can be inserted in the Stabilization increment number.

    • Use stabilization: flag for using stabilization.

    • Stabilization increment number:

    • Stabilization factor (SF):

1.3.7.4. Incremental analysis data

General data > Incremental analysis data.

This tab defines the number of steps in which is divided the load applied. The more number of steps, more likely to obtain convergence, although the computational time increase. Default number of steps is 10. This option is only available by selecting Analysis type > Incremental loads analysis.

1.3.7.5. Dynamic analysis data

General data > Dynamic analysis data.

Dynamic analysis data is only available if Analysis > Analysis type > Dynamic analysis is previously activated. Depending of the method of dynamic analysis to use, different options will available. The three options always available are General, Integration Data and Damping data. If Frequency Domain method is chosen, Spectrum Data option will be available.

1.3.7.5.1. General

Dynamic analysis data > General.

  • Type: The type of dynamic analysis is selected in this tab. The methods available are Direct Integration, Modal Analysis and Frequency Domain.

    • Direct Integration: Direct time integration method is used for solving the equations of motion describing the dynamic response of structural linear and nonlinear multi-degree of freedom systems.

    • Modal Analysis:

    • Frequency Domain:

  • \(\boldsymbol{\Delta t}\): Indicate the step of time to be considered in the dynamic analysis. It is possible to define different ranges of time steps (This options is very useful when different time step are required along the analysis). Available only for Direct Integration and Modal Analysis.

  • Number of steps: Indicate the total number of steps of the dynamic analysis. The total physical time will be the number of steps times the time step: \(Time_{tot} = N_{steps} * \Delta t\). Make sure that the total time calculated is the period of time to be analysed. Available only for Direct Integration and Modal Analysis.

  • Type of modal analysis: Choose between number or range of modes. If range of modes is chosen, the following options will be available:

    • Compute all modes: if this option is set, all modes between the range given will be calculated, otherwise, the first number of modes between the range will be considered.

    • Range of modes, min. value (Hz): Minimum value of the range modes to analyse.

    • Range of modes, max. value (Hz): Maximum value of the range modes to analyse.

  • Number of modes: It indicates the number of modes to be considered in the vibration analysis.

  • Only calculate natural freqs.: If it is set, only natural frequencies will be calculated, otherwise, a dynamic analysis will be done after natural frequencies calculation is finished. Only it is possible to perform a dynamic analysis if there are loads applied and model is completely constrained. Therefore, this option allows to calculate natural frequencies of models without loads or not completely constrained. This option removes number of steps and Delta t parameters, and hydroelastic analysis can be activated.

  • Hydroelastic analysis: Only available if Only calculate natural freqs. is selected.

1.3.7.5.2. Integration data

Dynamic analysis data > Integration data.

  • Integration method: It indicates the algorithm of temporal integration to be performed in the Dynamic analysis. Options for implicit schemes are: implicit Newmark, implicit Bossak-Newmark, Hilber-Hughes-Taylor and Energy conserving/decaying. For further information regarding these integration schemes, the user is referred to REFERENCE REQUIRED.

    • \(\boldsymbol{\alpha_{BN}}\): Parameter for Bossak-Newmark scheme. Default value is set to \(\alpha = -0.05\).

    • \(\boldsymbol{\alpha_{H-H-T}}\): Parameter for Hilber-Hughes-Taylor scheme. Default value is set to \(\alpha = -0.05\).

    • \(\boldsymbol{\alpha_{E-C/D}}\):Parameter for Energy Conserving/decaying scheme. Default value is set to \(\alpha = 0.0\).

  • Initial conditions: It indicates which type of initial conditions are required. The initial condition can defined manually for the users (User_Defined) or can be assigned like initial conditions the values obtained in the static linear elastic analysis performed in the Combined Load Case 1 (Comb._Load_1).

1.3.7.5.3. Damping data

Dynamic analysis data > Damping data.

  • Damping type: It indicates the way that the damping is considered. There are two possibilities: Modal Damping and Rayleigh Damping. In the modal damping option the damping is taking in account in the equations of motions of each mode without compute any Damping Matrix, with this option is necessary to input the damping ratio. In the Rayleigh damping option is computed a Damping Matrix proportional to the stiffness and mass Matrices, with this option is necessary to input the coefficients Alpha_M and Alpha_K

  • Damping ratio: Default ratio set to 0.05.

  • \(\boldsymbol{\alpha_M}\): represents the coefficient of the Mass Matrix in the Rayleigh Damping. Default value set to 0.1.

  • \(\boldsymbol{\alpha_K}\): represents the coefficient of the Damping Matrix in the Rayleigh Damping. Default value set to 0.0.

1.3.7.5.4. Spectrum data

Dynamic analysis data > Spectrum data.

In Spectrum data > Spectrum analysis type, the type of Spectrum Analysis to perform is indicated. There are two possibilities: seismic codes and user defined spectrum.

  • Seismic codes: It is possible to perform the spectrum analysis established in the NCSE-94 Spanish regulation.

    • Code type: 02 Spain code. REFERENCE REQUIRED.

    • Basic acceleration (ab).

    • Seismic \(N_x\).

    • Seismic \(N_y\).

    • Seismic \(N_z\).

    • Contribution coefficient (K).

    • Risk coefficient \(\rho\).

    • Soil coefficient (C).

  • User defined spectrum: The user has the possibility to input his own spectrum of accelerations.

    • Spectrum table: Function to multiply to the spectrum vector.

    • Spectrum \(N_x \quad (m/s^2)\).

    • Spectrum \(N_y \quad (m/s^2)\).

    • Spectrum \(N_z \quad (m/s^2)\).

1.3.7.6. Buckling data

General data > Buckling data.

It is available if Analysis > Analysis type > Static analysis and Analysis > Linearized prebuckling analysis are selected.

  • Num. of buckling modes: Number of buckling modes to be output.

  • Imperfections factor: amplitude of geometric imperfection related to the first buckling mode. If Imperfections factor = 0 then, the structure will be considered ideal.

1.3.7.7. Results

In this section, parameters related with the ouput file and results to show can be defined.

  • Results file: RamSeries allows to calculate the results in different file formats. The file formats available are: - Binary 1: postprocess file is in the traditional format of GiD (see GiD manual). - Binary 2: standard postprocess file for Tdyn. - Binary 2 + mesh: The output file prints the results in standard format plus data referred to the mesh. - Ascii: Output file is print in ascii format. The user can opened with any note editor, although the file is heavier in terms of memory. - Default: the default file format is binary 2.

  • Calculate hull girder resultants: TO BE DESCRIEBD.

1.3.7.7.1. Beams

  • Granularity: means the number of subdivisions that will have every beam to represent the results. More subdivisions give more quality in the results visualization and more disk space. This option does not modify the precision of the result, only its visualization.

  • Output Maximums: If there are more than one load case, it is possible to output a special load case containing the maximums for beams.

    • Automatic: Prints only if there are steel sections.

    • Always: Prints if there are more than one load case.

    • Never: Prints no maximums.

1.3.7.7.2. Shells

  • Smooth results: If chosen, RamSeries will smooth the strength results where possible. The results of the calculation are strengths in the interior of every element that are discontinuous from one element to another. Smoothing means to approximate other values of the strengths so as they are continuous from one element to another. This can only be made if the geometry is smooth by itself from one element to another.

  • Calculate main strengths: Main strengths are internally calculated by the solver.

  • Calculate main stresses: Main stresses are internally calculated by the solver.

  • Calculate equivalent stresses: Von Misses equivalent stresses are internally calculated by the solver.

1.3.7.7.3. Beam and shells

  • Output stresses: Output beams and shell stresses If chosen, the stresses and Von Misses in both, the face up and the face down of the shell are calculated. Von Mises results for beams will be also available in the postprocess.

1.3.7.7.4. Solids

  • Yield criterion: This option allows the user to choose the stress criterion to be visualized in the postprocess, for solids: Von Mises or Rankine.

  • Smooth results per material: When mixing two materials very different, like steel and concrete, the stresses are not continuous between materials. Then, it is necessary to set this option in order to see the stresses jump in the two materials boundary. If active, stresses will be discontinuous between materials. Internally, nodes will be duplicated.

1.3.7.7.5. Composite security factors

It requires General data > Analysis > Use Composite/Laminate materials selected.

If selected, different Failure Criteria for Composites will be output.

1.3.7.8. Advanced

This section treats advanced options for analysis and they are addressed for advanced users.

1.3.7.8.1. Structural solver

General data > Advanced > Structural solver.

  • Equations solver:

    • Solver type:

    The option Solver type enables the user to choose the equation solver. The options are:

    • Hybrid-sparse solver is a direct solver with sparse storage. The most advisable option, for it takes the same memory as the sparse solver (same matrix storage), and it is much quicker than the direct solver used in the Skyline option.

    • Sparse is a conjugate-gradients solver with sparse storage is used. This is an iterative solver that requires much less memory than a direct one. It may not converge in some cases. If this option is enabled, some parameters can be adjusted:

    • Stabilized bi-conjugated gradients.

    • Parallel or sequential: In case of selecting parallel, the maximum number of CPUs are used by the Hybrid-sparse solver, so solver operations can be performed in various processors. Parallelization allows to decrease the computational time of the analysis.

    • Solver options: These options are available for Sparse and bi-conjugated gradients solvers:

      • Solver tolerance: When two successive iterations do not differ by more than the specified tolerance, the solver will halt. Default value is \(1.0e^{-5}\).

      • Solver tolerance min.: If the solver arrives at its maximum iteration number, this tolerance will decide if results are accepted. Default value is \(1.0e^{-1}\).

      • Solver max. iterations: maximum number of iterations permitted. Default value is 20.000 iterations.

  • Eigen solver:

    • Eigensolver max iterations: The eigensolver used in the analysis of frequencies and modes of vibrations is the subspace iterative method. The option Eigensolver max iterations indicates the maximum number of iteration to be performed by the eigensolver.

    • Eigensolver min stages: if a model has a lot of nodes and many modes must be calculated, the analysis may be interrupted because of insufficient memory. In these cases, natural frequencies calculation can be split into more than one stage.

1.3.7.8.2. Dynamic output

General data > Advanced > Dynamic ouput.

A dynamic analysis generates a large amount of results which are passed on to the post-processing. In order to reduce the amount of data, RamSeries offers the possibility to choose which results are required. RamSeries have the possibility of choose what results are required:

  • Write Displacements

  • Write Rotations

  • Write Velocities

  • Write Accelerations

  • Write Strengths

  • Write Reactions

  • Global parameters: Total energy, Kinetic energy, Potential energy, Elastic strain energy, Linear and Angular momentum.

  • Output Step: the user can specify every how many time steps the results will be written in the post-process file.

1.3.7.8.3. Detailed results

General data > Advanced > Detailed results.

This option enables the creation of a xml file named PROJECT.detailed.xml with detailed result information in the selected nodes.

1.3.7.8.4. Execute Tcl Script

General data > Advanced > Execute Tcl script. Enables to open a Tcl script for running it.

1.3.7.8.5. Precision

General data > Advanced > Precision.

Definition of tolerances regarding the mesh of the model.

  • Structural precision: Number of decimals to take into account in the mesh geometry.

  • Interpolator mesh tolerance: This value is obtained automatically.

1.3.7.8.6. Contacts data

General data > Advanced > Contacts data.

These options are available if Contacts have been activated.

  • Maximum admissible penetration:

    When iteration routine is executed, if there are slave nodes with penetration minor than maximum admissible, new contacts will not be created.

  • Normals sense swap:

    If it is set, Ramseries will swap master surfaces’s normals to point to slave nodes.

  • Contacts Analysis Method:

    There are two methods:

    • Full: This option is the most efficient when bodies are hard. If they are soft, analysis may not converge.

    • Simplified: This option improves the convergence, but needs more calculation time.

  • Maximum admissible force:

    When iteration routine is executed, if there are contacts with traction force in the slave node minor than maximum admisible, these contacts will not be disconnected.

1.3.7.8.7. Tdyn file load implementation